The extravasation of cytotoxic agents can result in severe local tissue damage and medical emergencies during tumour therapy. This revised compendium is intended to help clinicians assess any situation speedily and with certainty. The general section of the book includes topics such as predisposition, prevention, type of harm, general measures in handling extravasated drugs, specific antidotes, and documentation. In the 2nd edition, the scientific information contained in the general section and relating to the actual substances has been updated. The substance specific part of the book includes detailed instructions on handling more than 50 cytotoxic drugs, to initiate targeted measures. Templates for an extravasation set, overview tables, documentation sheets, and patient information, as we as a CD-ROM are included to support clinical practice. The book is the outcome of a consensus of an interdisciplinary working group that has collected and systematically reviewed all published literature on the topic.

InhaltsangabeProblem outline Literature search methods General partIntroduction and definitions (Robert Mader) Incidence of extravasations Definition Type of damage Potential damage mechanisms Damage mechanisms of the anthracyclines Necrosis potential of individual cytotoxic agents Predisposition and prevention (Ines Mader) Risk factors Risk factors associated with patients Medicationrelated risk factors Iatrogenic risk factors Risk factors associated with central venouscatheter systems Prevention Patient education/information Clinical practice (Ines Mader) Peripheral venous extravasations Central venous extravasations Histopathological investigations Differential diagnosis Thrombophlebitides Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions Systemic hypersensitivity reactions Recall phenomena Photosensitivity Measures (Robert Mader) General unspecific measures in peripheral venous access General unspecific measures in central venous access Specific measures/antidotes Topical cooling Dry heat Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) Hyaluronidase Dexrazoxane 5Fluorouracil (Sabine Wassertheurer) Fotemustine (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Gemcitabine (Sabine Wassertheurer) Idarubicin (Elisabeth Nogler-Semenitz) Ifosfamide (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Irinotecan (Ines Mader) Melphalan (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Methotrexate (Sabine Wassertheurer) Mitomycin C (Elisabeth Nogler-Semenitz) Mitoxantrone (Elisbeth Nogler-Semenitz) Nimustine (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Oxaliplatin (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Paclitaxel (Ines Mader) Pegaspargase (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Pemetrexed (Sabine Wassertheurer) Pentostatin (Sabine Wassertheurer) Raltitrexed (Sabine Wassertheurer) Streptozocin (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Teniposide (Ines Mader) Thiotepa (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Topotecan (Ines Mader) Treosulfan (PatriziaFürst-Weger Trimetrexate (Sabine Wassertheurer) Vinblastine (Ines Mader) Vincristine (Ines Mader) Vindesine (Ines Mader) Vinorelbine (Ines Mader) Subject Index

Problem outline Literature search methodsGeneral partIntroduction and definitions (Robert Mader)Incidence of extravasations DefinitionType of damagePotential damage mechanisms Damage mechanisms of the anthracyclines Necrosis potential of individual cytotoxic agentsPredisposition and prevention (Ines Mader) Risk factors Risk factors associated with patients Medication-related risk factors Iatrogenic risk factorsRisk factors associated with central venouscatheter systems Prevention Patient education/informationClinical practice (Ines Mader) Peripheral venous extravasations Central venous extravasations Histopathological investigations Differential diagnosis Thrombophlebitides Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions Systemic hypersensitivity reactions Recall phenomena Photosensitivity Measures (Robert Mader) General unspecific measures in peripheral venous access General unspecific measures in central venous access Specific measures/antidotes Topical cooling Dry heat Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) Hyaluronidase Dexrazoxane 5-Fluorouracil (Sabine Wassertheurer) Fotemustine (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Gemcitabine (Sabine Wassertheurer) Idarubicin (Elisabeth Nogler-Semenitz) Ifosfamide (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Irinotecan (Ines Mader) Melphalan (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Methotrexate (Sabine Wassertheurer) Mitomycin C (Elisabeth Nogler-Semenitz) Mitoxantrone (Elisbeth Nogler-Semenitz) Nimustine (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Oxaliplatin (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Paclitaxel (Ines Mader)Pegaspargase (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Pemetrexed (Sabine Wassertheurer) Pentostatin (Sabine Wassertheurer) Raltitrexed (Sabine Wassertheurer) Streptozocin (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Teniposide (Ines Mader) Thiotepa (Patrizia Fürst-Weger) Topotecan (Ines Mader) Treosulfan (Patrizia Fürst-WegerTrimetrexate (Sabine Wassertheurer) Vinblastine (Ines Mader) Vincristine (Ines Mader) Vindesine (Ines Mader) Vinorelbine (Ines Mader) Subject Index